Dr Alok Purohit (PhD), Health Coach, Diabetes & Obesity educator

Insulin resistance is a condition where the body’s cells become resistant to the effects of insulin, a hormone that helps regulate blood sugar levels. This resistance can lead to a range of health issues, including the development of type 2 diabetes.

Insulin resistance occurs when the body’s cells become less responsive to insulin due to high adiposity and fats in cells, causing the pancreas to produce more insulin in an effort to lower blood sugar levels. Over time, the pancreas may not be able to keep up with the demand for insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels and the development of diabetes. Insulin resistance can develop much earlier, even decades ago and magnitude of resistance keeps increasing. Body continues to cope up for long before it gives up. Most progressing towards diabetes exhaust beta cells during the period of ignorance or neglect.

Several factors can contribute to the development of insulin resistance, including a sedentary lifestyle, a diet high in processed and sugary foods, obesity, and genetics. Studies have shown that even modest weight loss and increased physical activity can improve insulin sensitivity and reduce the risk of developing diabetes (1).

One of the most effective ways to prevent or manage insulin resistance and diabetes is through a healthy diet. A diet that is high in fiber, whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins can help improve insulin sensitivity and reduce the risk of developing diabetes (2).

Additionally, there are several medications that can help improve insulin sensitivity and reduce the risk of diabetes, including biguanides, DPP-4 Inhibitors, GLP-1 agonists and SGLT2 receptor blockers. However, lifestyle changes are still the most effective way to prevent or manage insulin resistance and diabetes (3).

In conclusion, insulin resistance can lead to the development of type 2 diabetes, but it is a preventable and manageable condition. By making lifestyle changes, such as improving diet and increasing physical activity, individuals can improve their insulin sensitivity and reduce their risk of developing diabetes.

References:

1. Wing RR, Lang W, Wadden TA, et al. Benefits of modest weight loss in improving cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese individuals with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2011;34(7):1481-6.
2. American Diabetes Association. Lifestyle Management. Accessed February 14, 2023. https://www.diabetes.org/healthy-living/lifestyle-management.
3. American Diabetes Association. Medications for Type 2 Diabetes. Accessed February 14, 2023. https://www.diabetes.org/diabetes/medication-management/type-2-medications.